This article explores Bolshevik leadership policy of indigenization of public administration apparatus of Turkistan and Kyrgyzstan (Kazakhstan) autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics RSFSR in 1919–1924. It is discovered that the policy was implemented by the RSFSR administration within the limits of realization of nation self-determination rights that was based on federalist beginnings. That policy was used as a powerful propagandistic weapon of the Bolsheviks against their political opponents and as the means of Central Asia outskirts sovetization. Practical steps were taken in two directions. Firstly, exceptional position in the region was given to national elites. At the same time the policy of indigenization was aimed at forming national staff of party and soviet autonomy apparatuses that were active policy guards and executors in the region. Secondly, the indigenization was accompanied by introduction of office work to all administration bodies and institutions of Turkestan and Kazakh Soviet Socialistic Republic in the Russian and ethnic languages. The analysis of this policy confirms that it was successful and it was a powerful stimulus for ethnical consciousness rise of native nations of the regions and for ethnical consolidation processes.