The article is devoted to the problem topical in scientific, social and political sphere, related to the cooperation between the White Guard Semirechensk Army commander, ataman B.V. Annekov in Xinjiang, and the consuls of Russian former Tsar’s and Provisional Government in 1919–1920. Despite evident significance of this problem for reconstruction of history of the Civil War in Siberia and detailing of many story- lines of Soviet- Chinese relations in the second half of the XX century, the problem has not been sufficiently investigated. Based on the newly identified and introduced into a scientific circulation sources, the author shows that the ultimate goal of cooperation between the former consuls and ataman Annenkov was the desire of the parties to overthrow the Soviet power in Russia. To achieve this goal through the mediation of the consuls Annenkov tried to get support from the government of Xinjiang. The provincial authorities announced their formal “neutrality” towards the political events in Russia, but in fact provided the White Movement in Siberia and troops of Ataman Annenkov with complete support. The link and the active actors in the provision of the assistance were former Russian consuls in Xinjiang.