Now it is proved that aluminum makes versatile toxic impacts on animals and plants. Therefore control of aluminum content in natural waters used both for fishery and for economic and drinking water use is very important. The aim of this research was the assessment of dissolved forms of aluminum content in natural waters of the River Ob on the sites used for water supply of large industrial centers (Barnaul and Berdsk) of the Upper Ob and the study of its depth and width distribution in the river. The conducted researches have shown that the content of the dissolved forms of aluminum in water of the Berdsk Gulf down the river sharply decreases. During winter period the concentration increase in comparison with autumn period was observed. 2–4 times concentration exceedance of aluminum dissolved forms in comparison with maximum permissible concentrations for fishery water has been found in the river Ob water near Berdsk during the winter period. Aluminum dissolved forms content in the Ob water near Barnaul on the whole answers primary fishery water standard. 1,5 times exceedance of maximum permissible concentrations for fishery water has been found in the river alignment downstream from Water Intake No. 1.