In this articke antistatism is considered as a fundamental principle of political ideologyof Siberian regionalism. The author shows that inherently built into the worldview and ideology promoted by regionalists antistatism principle represents an ideal vector of political communities, that organically combines such concepts as self-government, autonomy, democracy, decentralization. The regionalists considered the alliance implying equal rights and status of all constituent entities, which is possible only in the federal state, most optimal form of embodiment of that principle. The authors established that regionalists regarded the system of federal form of government as an alternative model of relations between the state and the people (society), based primarily on the principles of rational individualism. It has been concluded that in the key issue of harmonization of core and periphery relations the political theory of Siberian regionalism is based on the efficient model of federalism.