This work consider the characteristic features of a social position of the Doukhobortsi which represent an element of a sect mentality and include the following components: understanding by the followers of a sect their place in structure of a society, the attitude to the state authority, to the official orthodox church, to the representatives of other creeds, features of an internal organization of the Doukhobor communities, the place and importance of the separate person in them. From one hand, the factors are defined by an author, determined the originality of mentality of the Doukhobors and they are organic part of mentality of the Russian society; from another hand, they present the original formation in it.