On the basis of the accountant books over the Tomsk province, the article analyzes the age and gender composition of the local middle class. By comparing the existing indicators with the data on the Tomsk and Altai region, as well as the indicators about big cities of the province, the authors conclude that there are distinct differences in their gender composition. If the gender composition of the middle class was dominated by women, the most of the citizens were men. The possible reason is that the middle-class stratum of the group has been relatively stable compared with the rest of the more mobile seg ments of the population. The authors state in the article that the major trends in the development of the gender structures of the middle- class population were formed under the influence of the large administrative center of the province. Using the archival sources (towns’ books and church painting), the authors investigated the age and gender structure of the bourgeois family of Tomsk and Barnaul, presented its dynamics and identified its major trends. It is stated that almost all age groups are predominated by senior women, but on the whole, during the pre-reform period in Tomsk and Barnaul there were no significant differences in the age and gender structure of the burghers.