The main problems related with the quality of the potato seeds, and their provisions in the country scale are discussed in the article. Despite the high volume of potato production in Russia, more than 1.5% of the total consumption is imported from the other countries. Taking into account the increasing trend of the areas of agricultural land for potato crops till 2020, the question of the good quality seed’s provision is raised. Using the high-quality potato seeds ensures maximum realization of its genetic potential, thus providing a high yield. For the efficient cultivation of potatoes it is important to replace seed material every 3–4 years, because from reproduction to reproduction the accumulation of plant pathogens and viruses increase. It is also necessary to consider zoning of the potato variety from one region to another for the full implementation of the biological potential. The technology of the elite potato seeds production involves creation the collections of the improved cultivars in vitro, reproduction of plants in the required quantity in vitro and actually getting the elite seeds. For minituber’s production hydroponics installations «Minivit» and KD-10 have been used, so it is possible to get the crop all the year round. Production of the improved minituber seeds is the background for high-quality potato seed material.