The Buryat woman's position in the end of XIXth - the beginning of the XXth centuries is characterized by the preserved traces of the maternal cult: mother's high status, a number of ideas on the origin, the heredity and names of the Buryat tribes according to maternal line, status and role aspects (daughter, daughter-in-law, housewife, mother, matriarch of the family and kin, mother-in-low). All of them were supposed to have some norms and customs regulating the rules of behavior and etiquette in the society.

Key words: mother's cult, family, housewife, daughter-in-law, mother-in-low, matriarch.