The period, when there was a systematic and planned investigation of the environment, society and a man of the North, is examined in the article. The problems of the scientific research of the natives were exercised both by the local and central scientific institutions. The Tobolsk and Enisey statistical comities play the main role in the humane investigation of the north Siberia. The centres of many-sided and fruitful scientific research were the Tobolsk museum and Enisey region museum. The initiatives of this museum were supported and stimulated by such authoritative scientific and public institutions and organizations of the country as the Imperial Academy of Science, the Imperial Russian Geographical Society, the museum of ethnography and anthropology and the others. Outstanding scientists - researchers, people working in the culture and education, civil servants, peasants, employers and priests were occupied with the scientific research in the field of the northern culture.