The article is devoted to the process of formation of Jewish diaspora in Siberia in XIX^th - the beginning of the XX^th centuries. Among features promoting the formation of Jewish community in Siberia it is possible to name a considerable role of the exile at an initial stage of folding the Jewish population, the prevalence of a natural increase in increase of diaspora, the inconsistent policy of the central authorities and mainly negative attitude of local administration. At the same time relations with local population and local communities were substantially tolerant, as has predetermined, finally, successful integration of Jews into the Siberian society.

Key words: Jews, diaspora, Siberia, community, tolerance.