Given article represents the analysis of various archeological complexes: necropolis, single graves, settlements, sanctuaries and rock art from XII to XIV centuries AD. As a result of research many objects are united into new archeological culture named by the author as Ust-Tal'kinskaya Culture. This culture is divided into two stages argued by author in paper. The characteristics of economic way and material culture of the population of South of Middle Siberia at Late Middle Ages are based on available materials, including once received by author.