The study shows the heterogeneity of the working class of Siberia on the social origin, which largely affected the class development. The formation of class consciousness was only at the primary level and even slightly decreased in the early XX century, due to the influx of peasants to the city and the factories. Nevertheless, one could distinguish a slight layer of skilled workers who had education, high income, greater vision, and approached in their outlook to the way of life to the urban petty bourgeoisie. Some of them became ideological fighters for the interests of their class. They were people who in addition to professional discipline and skill, had an active lifestyle and participated in almost all social sectors: in education, art, science, politics. However, the majority of the proletariat had archaic consciousness with an inherent passive lifestyle, low standard of living, the peasant mentality, etc. However, at the same time there was an increase in working consciousness, a sense of personal dignity, class solidarity which was manifested in the growth of the workers ‘struggle for their interests in the development of workers’ cooperative.