The article presents the results of multidisciplinary research of Rubas-1 site (Seaside Dagestan). In 2006– 2014 the investigation was held of about 300 square-meter- area of the monument. The most ancient archaeological material (Early Paleolithic) is found in layer 5, which, together with its overlying layer 4 composes a single pack of marine sediments formed in subaerial and subaqueous conditions of the seaside (beach, prefrontal and transition zone), composed of gravel and sand. Artifacts from layer 5 (147 copies) present small tools industry of early Paleolithic, which is characterized by a large number of small-sized artifacts (~ 2.4 cm), frequent use of fragments, as well as weak typological severity and unstable tool from. The age of the industry is determined by a complex of paleontological and stratigraphic data, which allowed attributing the layer to the final stage of the Akchagyl transgression (Early Pleistocene). The paleomagnitic research of the cross- section conducted in 2013–2014 allows the researches to suppose that layer 4, overlapping layer 5, was formed during the paleomagnetic chron Matuyama (subchron Olduvai and Reunion, ~ 2,2 mya — ~ 1,75 mya). Consequently, the underlying layer 5 is most likely dated to ≈ 2,2–2,3 mya, that gives the opportunity to consider the Lower Paleolithic Rubas-1 industry as the one of the most ancient complexes in Eurasia.