The article attempts to make a systematic analysis of N. K. Mikhailovsky’s «subjective method» theory within the framework of historical study of the Russian thinkers literary heritage. The Narodniks worked out methodology of Russian political science. The article considers the disputable problem of authorship of the «subjective method», its functional purpose and essential characteristics. The concept is viewed through the prism of Mikhailovsky’s «dual truth theory». The authors conclude that the Russian thinker’s «subjective method» is geared to the purpose of his theoretical model of political science — to the search of key validity criterion of scientific knowledge about the optimal balance of «progressive» development of the country’s political system and fundamental interests of an individual. According to N. K. Mikhailovsky, for achievement of this harmonization researchers should be very careful, firstly, in usage of analogy in social and natural sciences and, secondly, in the ethical assessment of borrowed theories, thus the latter should be reviewed taking into consideration traditional notions of justice that prevail in the national community.