The ecological structure of family Scrophulariaceae Juss. s.l. in the Altai Mountain Country is considered in the article. The ecological analysis was spent under the relation of plants to the following environmental factors: 1) thermal mode of habitats and type of soil humidifying; 2) soil features. In relation to the thermal mode and humidity the following groups are allocated: hygrophyte, mesophyte, xeromesophyte, xerophyte. Species of microthermal hygrophyte group are widespread in the North hemisphere, and species with the Asian type of areal belong to gekistotermal group. The majority of microthermal mesophyte has the Golarctic and the Euroasian types of areal. Kryophyte mesophyte group consists of arctoalpine and alpine species among which mostly revealed southern-siberian-central-asian species. In relation to the soil features 5 groups have been allocated. The frequency of species occurrence in the certain types of habitats was considered for species reference to one of these ecological groups. Besides, in certain cases, species have been referred simultaneously to different groups as equal degree meet in various habitat.