The article is concerned with stages and patterns of resettlement movement on lands of the Steppes Region and Turkestan at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries, The spatial and organizational features of the process are considered. The researcher has analyzed the evolution of the government policy concerning the lands belonged to nomads, ways and methods of withdrawal of lands from the Kazakhs for new settlers plots, social consequences of mass resettlement to the region in question. Mass agrarian colonization of the territory of the Steppes and Turkestan was carried out in the years of Stolypin’s reform. Provinces of the exit were situated in the European part of Russia that defined ethnic and confessional structure of migrants. Resettlement movement at the end of XIX — the beginning of the XX century acted as a major factor of changes in land management of Kazakhs and destruction of a traditional nomadic community. The resettlement and agrarian policy of the government led to an aggravation of social contradictions and, as a result, increased counteraction to this policy from Kazakh nomads.