The article is devoted to the history of Western Siberia Tolstoy’s associations in the1930s. The author studies conditions of the formation of Tolstoy’s followers’ communes and agricultural cooperatives. The article gives the analysis of social composition and activities of the Tolstoyans-communards. It has been found that there were only 12 local groups of Tolstoy’s associations on the territory of Western Siberia. The economic activity of Siberian Tolstoyans was mainly agriculture-orientated. From the point of view of its social composition Siberian Tolstoyans were not much different from the all-Russian movement. The socio- demographic composition of the West Siberian Tolstoy’s associations included poor peasants and middle peasants, professionals, graduates and office workers. Tolstoy’ commune’s eight-year activity reached well-balanced combination of embraced ideology and their practical realization. This confirms the idea that it is a voluntary social self-organization of free workers that can turn a collective farm into an independent and effective production unit.