This paper demonstrates the importance of macrostructure topology modeling in a design of resistive polymer composite materials with predetermined properties. New approaches to macrostructure topology modeling of a polymer with an agglomerated filler are proposed and implemented. The techniques provide full compliance with physical principles of structure formation. Also, it is possible to identify the relationship between the type of conductive mesh and initial parameters of major components. The contribution of matrix material in a creation of a filler spatial grid under the agglomeration effect is modeled with selection of statistical parameters of particle formation in accordance with a predetermined distribution law and packing density variation of particle clusters distributed in various volumes. Practical implementation of the obtained results demonstrates the capabilities of the proposed modeling to evaluate the control effectiveness of oriented structures under conductive filler constant concentration through targeted changes of the agglomeration effect. It is very important for the design of high-performance materials.