The paper discusses the problems of heterogeneity of the economic space in the regional economy and the regional territorial organization, and the relationship between them. It identifies characteristics of the territorial organization and trends in changes in the system of administrative-territorial division of the Altai Territory. As one of the measures to overcome the heterogeneity of the regional economic space it is necessary to conduct an effective regional policy in the sphere of territorial organization of local self-government system.

Key words: spatial regional development, regional development, regional territorial organization, administrative-territorial division of the region.