The article is devoted to a problem on origin of traditional forest and taiga cultures in the Southern Siberia. These cultures developed into uniform, steady cultural complex. Appropriating forms in a combination with the horse breeding, necessary to provide transport and food requirements of the hunting economy, creates basis of this complex. Metallurgy and metal manufacture, bronze - at an early stage and then iron - occupied an essential place in it. The article argues an idea that formation of horse breeding and metallurgic cultures with the general orientation on appropriating economy may be correlated with Sejma-Turbino transcultural phenomenon of bronze epoch. At the same time the forest complex developed in a similar historical and cultural context and interlinked with steppe cattle breeding cultures.