In the present article, the author dwells upon the main problems the young Soviet government was confronted with while establishing the State Fire Fighting Service (SFFS) on the territory of the RSFSR in the 20s of the 20th century. A thorough analysis of the extensive archival materials and statistic documents enabled the author to state the key issues of preparation and carrying out the basic legislative acts which regulated the process of the SFFS development. This article throws light upon the fire control services conducted by fire fighting departments in different regions of the RSFSR and provides with manifold of examples, based on the survey of the statistic data on financial and facility subunits acquisition. The role and importance of the newest models of the fire engineering application and personnel training has been minutely disclosed in the paper.