The article is devoted to a history of school education in Kalmykia, in particular, to realization of general secondary education in 1965-1975. Achievements and costs, tasks and unsolved problems in realization of transition to general secondary education in Kalmykia are considered by a way of new thinking. The author comes to a conclusion that alongside with the successful decision of many social-pedagogical problems and known progress in training and education of growing up generations in school activity as well as in a whole on the country, there were stagnant phenomena, rather wide circulation a formalism in training, struggle for quantitative parameters, the serious omissions in labour and moral education, in pedagogical preparation of the teachers.