The article reconstructs the developments of "Doctors' Case" in Stalinsk (at present Novokuznetsk). "Doctors' Case" affected Stalin State Institute of Advanced Medical Studies. The author of the article revealed the essence of the events occurring at the Institute in 1953: control of work, accusations of the staff members, repressions. The role of the Party leaders of Kemerovo Region in those prosecutions has been detected. Dropping the "Doctors' Case" inquiry has been considered and the causes of shortcomings in the institute's activities have been found out.