The Soviet public prosecutor#s office was the state body which protected both interests of the state, and interests of the person and the citizen. In first half of 1920th prosecutor#s activity to protect civil rights was very effective, especially in a tax policy. The legal propagation spent by prosecutor#s office promoted liquidation of legal illiteracy of the broad audiences of the population. By the end of 1920th there were great changes in an economic and political course of the country. Development of a society is defined more often by strong-willed decisions and instructions of the top management, not by the law. The prosecutor#s office as an element of the proletarian state, totalitarian, ideological system carried out that role and those functions which were established by system. By the end of 1920th it has lost an opportunity to defend the civil rights effectively.