Stepan Ivanovich Gulyaev#s (1806-1888) is considered to be an expert in Altai archaeology. His manuscripts with archaeological materials were not published and are kept in archives now. In spite of certain inaccuracy and inexactitude, the works are important sources for comprehensive study of ancient and medieval Altai history. The information about monuments stated by the local historian was used for making archaeological map of Tomskaya guberniya. Now there is an opportunity to involve the data collected by S.I. Gulyaev in present period. This paper reflects the results and specificities of archaeological research of Altai during the second half of XIX century.