Lebap - Middle Amudarja - Amul and Zemm district - territory of the Lebap vilajet of the Turkmenistan. Archeological research in Lebap gave us some data on the development of the regional architecture and building in ancient and early medieval times. The appearance of the majority of settlements in Middle Amudarja refers to the Kushan times. The special feature of the region is the fact that settlements of small and middle size were most widespread. Four main types of settlements, which existed in the district of Amul in Kushan and early medieval times may be named.

Settlements were mainly established on natural hills. If they were established on plain territories, a great brick and ground platform was made there. Most monuments have a very strictly-planned basis, like a rectangle. Most settlements include a strong citadel as well.