The problem of the formation of the Mongolian independence plays a great role in the Oriental studies. It#s connected with the complicated international situation that Mongolia comes across at the beginning of the XXth century. This article deals with the analysis of the studying of the problem by Russian historians during the XX-XXI centuries. There have been published lots of the scientific works concerning the independence of Mongolia while the problem has been researching. During the XXth century the purposes of the research and the estimation of the authors has been changing. The pre-war period was full of the materials of the scientific expeditions. The scientists themselves have been observing the political history since the 1911th year. Later Historiography becomes more ideological. It#s the result of the world communist movement. That#s why the authors mainly are interested in the Revolution of 1921 and the Russian-Mongolian relationship. The contemporary historians pay attention to the events of tha

t time (the formation of the Mongolian independence). It becomes possible for researches to use newly opened documents and the problem of the Mongolian independence is urgent nowadays.