This article is devoted to the studying of the recent Russian historiography of the late Christianity, which deals with the problems about Christians in the works of the ancient authors of the 1st century AC. The author presents the review of the basic trends in the domestic historiography, within the framework of which the given problem is studied. In this article there is the analysis of the factors, that influence the studying of the non-Christian sources dealing with the history of the late Christianity. There also presented the basic subject of the theory of interpolation within the framework of the historical trend.